Phonological processes are how children simplify speech sounds to make them more manageable as they are learning to talk.
A phonological disorder arises when there is difficulty organizing the patterns of sounds in the brain which results in an inability to correctly form sounds of words.
Processes often replace a more difficult sound with an easier one and impact on whole groups of sounds. Complex words are simplified in a predictable way until the child develops the co-ordination for clear articulation
Speech sound production embraces physical-sensory aspects of motor performance and if this is disordered, delayed or damaged speech production may not develop normally. This is associated with impaired spatial and temporal co-ordinations of the lips, tongue, teeth, palate and jaw.
Between the ages of 3-5 years these processes should resolve themselves, and if not Speech Therapy is indicated. If a child is using an unusual process and making excessive use of multiple phonological processes they will be unintelligible and difficult to understand.
Common examples of Phonological Processes are:
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